Willem van de Passe or Magdalena van de Passe

George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland

An original engraving by either Willem van de Passe or Magdalena van de Passe, "George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland", dates from 1620. It was printed and published by the engraver's father, Crispijn van de Passe. The oval border of the engraving contains the title in Latin: "Georgius Clifford, Combriae Comes". Within the lower part of the image the engraver has inscribed, "Desormais", which is French for, "From now on". This original engraving represents both a scarce and important example of early seventeenth century British portrait art and of the influential engraved art of the van de Passe family.

George Clifford, the Third Earl of Cumberland (1558-1605) was an important British naval commander.

Original Engraving by the Dutch artists, Willem van de Passe or Magdalena van de Passe.

George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland

View other original engravings by Simon, Willem, & Magdalena van de Passe.

-	Image	Title & Artist	Medium	Date	Publisher	-
01.-		George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland by Willem van de Passe or Magdalena van de Passe	Original Engraving	1620	Crispijn (Crispin) van de Passe, Holland	Sold
02.-		Lodovick Stuart, Ist Duke of Richmond, and 2nd Duke of Lennox by Simon van de Passe	Original Engraving	1616	Compton Holland, London
03.-		Philip Herbert, First Earl of Montgomery by Simon van de Passe	Original Engraving	c. 1620	Sudbury and Humble, London	Sold
04.-		Robert Carr, Earl of Somerset by Simon van de Passe	Original Engraving	c. 1615	Compton Holland, London	Sold
05.-		Robert Sidney, 1st Viscount L'Isle by Simon van de Passe	Original Engraving	1617	Sudbury and Humble, London	Sold

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Title:	George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland
Artist:	Van de Passe, Willem (Utrecht, c. 1590 - London, c. 1637)
Artist:	Van de Passe, Magdalena (Utrecht, 1583 - c. 1638)
Date:	1620
Medium:	Original Engraving
Publisher:	Crispijn (Crispin) van de Passe, Holland
Note:	The van de Passe’s were a major force in early seventeenth century English portrait engraving. Crispin van de Passe also known as 'Crispijn van de Passe' (1560-1643) was born in Zealand and engraved many fine portraits of European dignitaries. He also established printing houses in both Utrecht and Amsterdam. His sons, Crispin van de Passe, the younger (1585-c.1659), Willem van de Passe (c.1590-1637), Simon van de Passe (1591-1644), and his daughter, Magdalena van de Passe (1583-c.1638), were all trained by their father and followed in his footsteps. All worked closely together and thus authorship of an individual engraving is sometimes in doubt. Such is the case with this original engraving.
Source:	Compton Holland’s, Heroologia Anglica
	"George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland" was engraved for the set, "Heroologia Anglica", published in 1620. With descriptive text by Compton Holland, the series consisted of thirty-five portraits of English statesmen and thirty of divines or martyrs, all of the Protestant faith. Hollstein (see the catalogue raisonne, below) states that "George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland" was engraved by Crispin van de Passe, the Elder, who also published the complete work. Both the National Portrait Gallery, London, and the National Library of Australia include impressions of this engraving in their permanent collections. The National Portrait Gallery places the engraver of "George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland" as "possibly Willem van de Passe", while the National Library of Australia lists that it was, "engraved by Willem or Magdalena van de Passe."
	It is generally assumed that Crispijn van de Passe, the Elder, resided in England with most of his offspring for a period of about ten years. Malcolm Salaman, in his finely researched book, "The Old Engravers of England", presents differing evidence:
	"The name of Van de Passe stands out conspicuously at this period of English engraving, for the influence of that skillful family of Dutch engravers was important and far reaching. Crispin Van de Passe himself never appears, in spite of contrary statements (even the well-informed Evelyn wrote it to Pepys), although he had considerable dealings with London print-sellers." * Instead, states Salaman, Crispin van de Passe sent Simon, Willem and Magdalena to London. Simon van de Passe initially assumed general charge of the British end of the family's engraving enterprises. Salaman writes; "It was, however, not until 1615 that Simon settled in London, when presumably, he began to collect the portrait material for Compton Holland's new enterprise, the "Heroologia Anglica", which his sister and his brother Willem engraved, and his father published in Holland as a speculation of his own." **
Note:	Willem van de Passe (Utrecht, c. 1590 - London, c. 1637): The second son of Crispin van de Passe, Willem was trained and instructed in engraving techniques by his father. Willem van de Passe first visited London around 1613 and made it his permanent home several years later. During his years in England he was commissioned to engrave portraits of King James I, Henry, Prince of Wales, Robert Dudley, George Villiers, Robert Devereaux, George Chapman, Sir John Haywood, Sir Henry Rich, Darcy Wentworth and others. Some of the most famous British portrait engravings of the day thus bear his name.
Note:	Magdalena van de Passe (Utrecht, 1583 - c. 1638): The daughter of Crispin van de Passe, Magdalena received instruction from her father. Most of Magdalena van de Passe's engravings were commissioned by her father, and, during the early 1620's she was working in London with her brothers, engraving portraits for the "Heroologia Anglica".
	By 1624 Magdalena had apparently returned to Holland as on this date she married the artist, Frederic van Bevervoordt. During the following years Magdalena van de Passe also worked in Germany and Denmark. Apart from her portrait engravings, the artist also created prints of mythological and religious subject matter.
Reference:	(Quotations * & **) Malcolm C. Salaman, "The Old Engravers of England", London, Cassell and Company, 1906, pp. 18 & 19.
	Museum Collections 1) National Portrait Gallery, London, George Clifford. 3rd Earl of Cumberland, #NPG D25165. 2) National Library of Australia, Cumberland, George Clifford, Rex Nan Kivell Collection, #NK6393.
Raisonne:	K. G. Boon, ed., F. W. H. Holstein, "Dutch and Flemish Etchings, Engravings and Woodcuts: 1450-1700", Amsterdam, Van Gendt, 1974, Vol 16. Catalogue #177, First and only state.
	(Note: "George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland" is listed under Crispijn de Passe de Oude (Crispin van de Passe, the Elder.)
Size:	6 1/8 X 4 5/8 (Sizes in inches are approximate, height preceding width of plate-mark or image.)
	Matted with 100% Archival Materials
Condition:	Printed upon hand made, laid paper and with thread margins on all sides. Backed by a former owner onto a large sheet of stiff, wove paper. A strong, early impression and in very good condition throughout. "George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland" represents both a scarce and important example of early seventeenth century British portrait art and of the influential engraved art of the van de Passe family.
Subject:	Willem or Magdalena van de Passe, "George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland", original engraving, "Heroologia Anglica", Crispin (or Crispijn) van de Passe, The Old Engravers of England, engraved art of the van de Passe family, King James I, Henry, Prince of Wales, Robert Dudley, George Villiers, Robert Devereaux, George Chapman, Sir John Haywood, Sir Henry Rich, Darcy Wentworth, Compton Holland.
Price:	Sold - The price is no longer available.
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