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Jose Guadalupe Posada

Jose Guadalupe Posada - Calavera de un Revolucionario Zapatista or Skeleton of a Revolutionary Follower of Zapata

Calavera de un Revolucionario Zapatista ('Skeleton of a Revolutionary Follower of Zapata')

Jose Guadalupe Posada's Calavera de un revolucionario zapatista ('Skeleton of a Revolutionary Follower of Zapata') is an original etching printed on wove paper with full margins as published for the first posthumous edition from the original plates in 1930 by Frances Toor, Blas Vanegas Arroyo and Pablo O'Higgins entitled, Mongrafia: Las Obras de Jose Guadalupe Posada, Grabador Mexicano. It is illustrated on plate 28 of Posada's Popular Mexican Prints.

Calavera de un revolucionario zapatista was both designed and engraved by the Mexican artist as a broadside around 1910 - 1912. The publishers of the Monografia incorrectly titled this etching as "Calavera Revolucionaria". It actually depicts a soldier in Zapata's army.

"The Spanish word 'calavera' means 'skull', and by extension 'skeleton'. Posada used his 'calavera' prints as social reportage, as manifestos and as political and social satire; in this he has been followed by numerous later graphic artists in Mexico ... This kind of print taps sources that are typically Mexican, for both the Indian heritage (skulls and death-goddesses are common in pre-Columbian art) and the Spanish heritage (the death-orientation of the monastic orders, and the dance-of-death and 'memento mori traditions) have blended in the average Mexican's stoic, but far from humorless, view of death." *

 
Title: Calavera de un Revolucionario Zapatista ('Skeleton of a Revolutionary Follower of Zapata')
Artist: Posada, Jose Guadalupe (Aguascalientes, 1852 - Mexico City, 1913)
Date: c. 1910 - 1912 (Monografia Edition: 1930)
Medium: Original Etching on Zinc
Publisher: Frances Toor, Blas Vanegas Arroyo and Pablo O'Higgins
Note: Jose Guadalupe Posada: The father of Mexican printmaking, Jose Guadalupe Posada was born in Aguascalientes in 1852. As a child he assisted an elder brother who was a school teacher and an uncle who was a potter. In 1868, he was apprenticed to a local printmaker and publisher, Jose Trinidad Pedroza, who specialized in lithography. Posada's first prints are in this medium.
  In 1872 Pedroza opened a second shop in Leon de los Aldamas in the state of Guanajuato and left Jose Guadalupe Posada in charge of it. Posada bought the shop in 1876 and made a comfortable living in this city with both commercial and religious art assignments. He also taught lithography techniques at a local secondary school.
  Jose Guadalupe Posada moved to Mexico City in 1888 and within two years had become the chief artist for Antonio Vanegas Arroyo, a prominent publisher of illustrated broadsides, gazettes, song books, chapbooks and other popular forms of illustrated literature. At this point, Jose Guadalupe Posada completely abandoned lithography in favor of engraving on type metal, a process that produces results in relief similar to that of a woodcut. He used this method for his many engravings until about 1900, when he turned to etching upon zinc plates. All of Posada's now famous prints were produced for his publisher, Arroyo, and he continued to work closely with him until his death in 1913.
  Jose Guadalupe Posada's prints cover an amazing range of imagery. National events, disasters, miracles, abnormalities, executions, illustrations to popular songs (corridos), broadsides and street gazettes (gaceta callejera) cover a large portion of his artistic oeuvre. As well, his notorious 'Calaveras' have permanently been placed at the summit of Mexican artistic expression. By means of the Calaveras (Spanish for skulls or skeletons), Posada mimed practically every human folly. In a very strong way, Posada is to Mexico what Daumier, Goya and Hogarth are to their countries. Masters of the succeeding generation, such as Rivera and Orozco, were deeply influenced and indebted to Posada's art.
  A Note on Impressions of Jose Guadalupe Posada's Prints: All original Posada engravings are scarce. First edition impressions of Posada's prints are next to impossible to acquire. As they were printed upon the cheapest wove papers used for popular broadsides, songsheets and street gazettes the vast majority simply disintegrated. The few remaining examples accompanied by text are now in the collections of mostly public or national museums. The first posthumous edition of original Posada engravings was published in Mexico City in 1930 by Frances Toor, Blas Vanegas Arroyo and Pablo O'Higgins, entitled, Mongrafia: Las Obras de Jose Guadalupe Posada, Grabador Mexicano. The original Posada plates were collected and printed (sometimes two to a page and always using both sides of the paper) by none other than Diego Rivera and Pablo O'Higgins. This original etching hails from this 1930 set. Even prints from this set are listed as very difficult to acquire.
  A word should also be said about the titles printed with Jose Guadalupe Posada's posthumous impressions. As many dealt with topical events of the day, the publishers of the Monografia had to rely upon the memories of others to ascribe titles to the songs or events portrayed, or to their own imaginations. Variations were not uncommon and when a discrepancy or additiontional information is provided with the scholarly research detailed in the text above, I have noted it. **
  ** Note: Calavera de un revolucionario zapatista ('Skeleton of a Revolutionary Follower of Zapata') was originally published as a broadside around 1910 - 1912. The publishers of the Monografia incorrectly titled this etching as "Calavera Revolucionaria" . It actually depicts a soldier in Zapata's army.
Reference: * Roberto Berdecio and Stanley Appelbaum, eds., Posada's Popular Mexican Prints, New York, Dover Publications, 1972. Illustrated on plate 28. (The introductory quotation will be found on p. xviii.)
Source: Monografia: Las Obras de Jose Guadalupe Posada,
Size: 7 1/2 x 4 1/2 (Sizes in inches are approximate, height preceding width of plate-mark or image.)
  Framed & Matted with 100% Archival Materials
  View Larger Framed Image:
  Skeleton of a Revolutionary Follower of Zapata or Calavera de un Revolucionario Zapatista Framed Original Engraving by Jose Guadalupe Posada
Condition: Printed upon wove paper and with full margins as published in Mexico City in 1930 for the Monografia. As usual with impressions from this publication the paper is slightly brittle and age toned in the outer margins, else the actual etching is finely printed and in good condition throughout. Calavera de un Revolucionario Zapatista ('Skeleton of a Revolutionary Follower of Zapata')represents a superb, original example of the famous 'calavera' art of Jose Guadalupe Posada.
Price: Sold - The price is no longer available.
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Original etching on zinc by the Mexican artist, Jose Guadalupe Posada

Skeleton of a Revolutionary Follower of Zapata or Calavera de un Revolucionario Zapatista Original Engraving by the Mexican artist Jose Guadalupe Posada
# 3.- Calavera de un Revolucionario Zapatista ('Skeleton of a Revolutionary Follower of Zapata')

View other original engravings by Jose Guadalupe Posada

Jose Guadalupe Posada (Aguascalientes, 1852 - Mexico City, 1913)
# Title & Artist English Title Date Medium -
01.- Calavera: Guerra Mundial by Jose Guadalupe Posada Skeleton: World War 1911 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
02.- Calavera Catrina by Jose Guadalupe Posada Dapper Skeleton c. 1910 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Etching on Zinc Sold
03.- Calavera de un Revolucionario Zapatista by Jose Guadalupe Posada Skeleton of a Revolutionary Follower of Zapata c. 1910 - 1912 (Monografia Edition Original Etching on Zinc Sold
04.- Calavera Revolucionaria by Jose Guadalupe Posada Revolutionary Skeleton c. 1910 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Etching on Zinc Sold
05.- Calaveras "Patinando" by Jose Guadalupe Posada Streetcleaner Skeletons c. 1910 - 1912 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Etching on Zinc Sold
06.- Cancion: La Locomotora by Jose Guadalupe Posada Song:The Locamotive c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
07.- Chispeante y divertida calavera de Dona Tomasa y Simon el aguador by Jose Guadalupe Posada Witty and Amusing Skeleton of Dona Tomasa and Simon, the Water Carrier c. 1910 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Etching on Zinc Sold
08.- Corrido: Dona Simona by Jose Guadalupe Posada Ballad: Madam Simona c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
09.- Corrido: El Fin del Mundo 'No. One' by Jose Guadalupe Posada Ballad: The End of the World c. 1895 - 1900 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
10.- Corrido: El Fin del Mundo 'No. Two' by Jose Guadalupe Posada Ballad: The End of the World c. 1895 - 1900 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
11.- Corrido: Fusilamiento de Bruno Apresa by Jose Guadalupe Posada Bruno Apresa's Execution by Fire squad c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
12.- Corrido: Fusilamiento de Bruno Martinez by Jose Guadalupe Posada Bruno Martinez Executed by the Firing Squad 1892 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
13.- Corrido: Incendio de la Valenciana by Jose Guadalupe Posada Ballad: The Valenciana Fire c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
14.- Corrido: 'La AlfaJorera' by Jose Guadalupe Posada Ballad: 'The Nougat Vendor' 1893 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
15.- Corrido: 'The Rumba' by Jose Guadalupe Posada Ballad: 'The Rumba' c. 1900 - 1910 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
16.- Corrido: "Las Bicicletas" & "Loa: El Petatero" by Jose Guadalupe Posada Ballad: "The Bicycles" & "Loa: The Sleeping Matt Carrier" c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
17.- Corrido: Los Lamentos de Bruno Martinez by Jose Guadalupe Posada Ballad: The Lamentations of Bruno Martinez c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
18.- Corrido: Plaza de San Juan de los Lagos by Jose Guadalupe Posada Ballad: San Juan de los Lagos Square c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Available
19.- Cuatro Zapatistas Fusilados by Jose Guadalupe Posada Four Zapatistas Executed by a Fire Squad c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
20.- Dialogo de Calaveras (Un 'Charro' y Su Amor) by Jose Guadalupe Posada Dialogue of Skeletons 'A Horseman and his love c. 1910 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Etching on Zinc Sold
21.- Dialogo de Calaveras 'Una Pareja Emocionada' by Jose Guadalupe Posada Dialogue of Skeletons 'An Excited Couple' c. 1910 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Etching on Zinc Sold
22.- Don Ferruco y su amor by Jose Guadalupe Posada Don Ferruco and his Love c. 1910 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Etching on Zinc Sold
23.- Ejemplo: 'Maria la Chiquita' by Jose Guadalupe Posada Example: 'Maria the Little One' 1897 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
24.- Ejemplo: 'La Bejarano' by Jose Guadalupe Posada Example: 'The Bejarano', (Guadalupe Martinez de Bejarano, The Child Killer) c. 1892 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Available
25.- El Jarabe en Ultratumba by Jose Guadalupe Posada The Folk Dance Beyond the Grave c. 1910 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Etching on Zinc Sold
26.- El Muneco de Carton by Jose Guadalupe Posada Ballad: The Cardboard Doll c. 1900 - 1910 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Etching on Zinc Available
27.- La Gaceta Callejera: La Adultera by Jose Guadalupe Posada The Street Gazzete: The Adultress c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Available
28.- La Gaceta Callejera: Manifestacion Anti Clerical by Jose Guadalupe Posada The Street Gazzete: Anti Clerical Manifestation c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
29.- Ni Aqui te Olvidare! by Jose Guadalupe Posada I Won't Even Forget You From Here! c. 1910 (Monografia Edition: 1930) Original Etching on Zinc Sold
30.- Pleito de Suegras by Jose Guadalupe Posada Argument Between Mothers-in-Law c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold
31.- Separacion del Cuerpo y del Alma by Jose Guadalupe Posada Separation of the Body and the Soul c. 1895 (Arsacio Vanegas Arroyo Edition: 1943) Original Engraving on Type Metal Sold

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