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John Ogborne's original stipple engraving, "Paradise Lost: Death Leaving the Gates of Hell for the World of Man", was published in 1795 by John Boydell for his famous "The Poetical Works of John Milton" set. Richard Westall designed all the engravings, including this original example which was used as the frontis piece for Book Ten of "Paradise Lost". This remarkable engraving illustrates a horrific black form, Death sits at the gates of Hell, a hand on each post. In front of him is the imploring figure that is half-woman and half-serpent, the representation of sin at the the threshold of Hell. This original engraving contains the engraver's name, "J. Ogborne Sculpt.", the designer's name, "R. Westall, R. A. delt." title, "Paradise Lost" No. "B.10.L. 272." which indicates (Book 10, Line 272 of Milton's Paradise Lost) and publisher's details "Published June 4, 1797 by J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol, Shakspeare Gallery, Pall Mall; & No. 90, Cheapside." printed below the image. "Paradise Lost: Death Leaving the Gates of Hell for the World of Man" is a striking, original example of the late 18th century art created by the British artists, John Ogborne & Richard Westall. |
Title: | Paradise Lost: Death Leaving the Gates of Hell for the World of Man |
Engraver: | Ogborne, John (Chelmsford, 1755 - London, 1837) |
Designer: | Westall, Richard (Hertford, 1765 - London, 1836) |
Date: | 1795 |
Medium: | Original Stipple Engraving |
Publisher | J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol, Shakspeare Gallery, Pall Mall; & No. 90, Cheapside |
Source: | The Poetical Works of John Milton |
Note: | John Ogborne: Some of the finest stipple engravings of the late eighteenth century come from the hand of John Ogborne. A student of Bartolozzi, he worked mainly after the designs of Richard Westall, Angelica Kauffmann, Robert Smirke and Thomas Stothard. Ogborne was frequently commissioned by John Boydell for his 'Shakespeare' and 'Milton' engravings. During the early nineteenth century, John Ogborne turned successfully to topographical views in the medium of aquatint engraving. In some of his engraved work he was assisted by his wife, Mary Ogborne. |
Richard Westall: After attending the Royal Academy schools in London (1785), Richard Westall devoted himself to history and landscape subjects. He was an early practitioner of the watercolour medium and many publishers of illustrated books soon sought his designs for publication of illustrated editions of Gray, Moore, Crabbe and other poets of the day. During the 1790's, he was commissioned by John Boydell to work upon both the "Milton" and "Shakespeare" sets. Richard Westall was elected an Associate of the prestigious Royal Academy in 1792 and a full Academician in 1794. In the 1820's, he was appointed the drawing master to then Princess Victoria. Perhaps because of their subject matter, the Richard Westall designs for the John Milton etchings bear similarities to the fantastic art of his two great British contemporaries, Henry Fuseli and William Blake. Milton's rich poetry, his vision of spirituality and of the forces of good and evil, provided a valuable framework for all three artists. Milton's lines pertaining to this original engraving are provided below. | |
John Boydell is easily one of England’s most remarkable 18th century personalities. Born in poverty, he began his career as an at best mediocre engraver of small book plates. At this time England was at a very low ebb as a serious centre for the visual arts (particularly engraving) and Boydell sought to eradicate this situation by beginning a second career as a publisher of fine prints. Modest initial experiments in the 1760,s led to a rapid expansion of his business and during the 1770's, he published his striking series of mezzotint engravings, "Liber Veritas", engraved by Richard Earlom after the drawings of Claude Lorrain. This ambitious undertaking put England back on the printmaking map and was a huge financial success for John Boydell. | |
Boydell had now established London as a major centre for the arts and this once poor and struggling engraver/publisher was acknowledged for his efforts by being elected no less than Lord Mayor of London, in 1791. The same year marked the beginning of Boydell’s most grandiose undertaking. His new publishing establishment in Pall Mall, the 'Shakspeare Gallery', began by commissioning the most esteemed painters and engravers in the country to create and design large and expensive engravings based upon the plays and life of William Shakespeare. By this time as well John Boydell’s nephew, Josiah (1752-1817), had joined the firm. | |
This monumental venture continued until John Boydell's death thirteen years later. By that time, The Shakespeare Gallery had created and published one hundred and seventy engravings on a grand scale. Alas, the expenses for this vast project had been so large that England's foremost publisher of art ended his life the way he began, dying penniless. Note: During that period, William Shakespeare's name was also spelt, 'Shakspeare', thus the spelling for Boydell's (Shakespeare Gallery) appears printed as 'Shakspeare Gallery'. | |
At this time England’s other great literary giant, John Milton, was honoured by Boydell. "The Poetical Works of John Milton" was published in three parts in 1794, 1795 and 1797. Sparing no expense, Boydell commissioned George Romney to design a portrait plate and Richard Westall to design images illustrating each part of "Paradise Lost" and "Paradise Regained" as well as the more famous individual poems. The engravers included Richard Earlom, Thomas Kirk, J. P. Simon, Benjamin Smith, M. Haughton, Dutterau and John Ogborne. | |
Unlike the 'Shakespeare' engravings, the 'Milton' prints were constructed almost solely in the stipple technique. Stippling reached its golden age in late eighteenth century England. The technique was promoted and taught by Francesco Bartolozzi (Florence, Italy, 1727 - Lisbon, Portugal, 1815). Many of the above mentioned engravers were among his finest students. Briefly, stippling was a tonal method where the image was created not with solid lines but with a multitude of dots or flicks. Under a master’s hand, stippling magnificently captured tonal values by contrasting areas of light and shade. Unfortunately it was most laborious and quickly became extinct with advances in aquatint engraving in the early nineteenth century. Yet to this day some of the most subtle and sensual engravings in the history of British art belong to the stipple engravers of the late eighteenth century. | |
As one can easily see, these stipple engravings for Boydell’s "The Poetical Works of John Milton" are masterpieces of their kind. The tonal values from light to dark one views in "Paradise Lost: Death Leaving the Gates of Hell for the World of Man", rival the best eighteenth century mezzotints. | |
A Note on "Paradise Lost: Such masterworks as "Paradise Lost", "Samson Agonistes" and "Comus" place John Milton (British, 1608 - 1674) as England's greatest poet. "Paradise Lost" was first published in 1667. It is Milton's great epic poem, composed in twelve books. This remarkable engraving illustrates the Tenth Book. The expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden has taken place and the guardian Angels have returned to Heaven. Satan remains on Earth after ruining Paradise. In this scene, the horrific black form, Death sits at the gates of Hell, a hand on each post. In front of him is the imploring figure that is half-woman and half-serpent, the representation of sin at the the threshold of Hell. Sin and Death now sit at the gates of Hell and view the success of Satan in this new world. At Sin’s suggestion, they resolve to follow Satan, their sire, up to the place of man. Death answers,
This remarkable engraving illustrates lines 272 & 280 which appear above in italics. A horrific black form, Death sits at the gates of Hell, a hand on each post. In front of him is the imploring figure that is half-woman and half-serpent. This is the threshold of Hell. |
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Size: | 12 X 8 (Sizes in inches are approximate, height preceding width of plate-mark or image.) |
Framed and Matted with 100% Archival Materials | |
View larger Framed Image | |
Buy Now | Price: $1,150.00 US |
Condition: | Printed upon thick Whatman wove paper and with large, full margins as published by John and Josiah Boydell in Pall Mall in 1795. The engraver's name, "J. Ogborne Sculpt.", the designer's name, "R. Westall, R. A. delt." title, "Paradise Lost" No. "B.10.L. 272." and publisher's details "Published June 4, 1797 by J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol, Shakspeare Gallery, Pall Mall; & No. 90, Cheapside." are printed below the image. Containing some water staining in the upper right corner (at least 3 inches removed from the actual engraving) else a rich, early impression and in excellent condition throughout. "Paradise Lost: Death Leaving the Gates of Hell for the World of Man" represents a superb, original example of late eighteenth century British art. |
Subject: | John Ogborne, Richard Westall, John Boydell, "Paradise Lost: Death Leaving the Gates of Hell for the World of Man", original stipple engraving, John Milton, Henry Fuseli and William Blake, Sin and Death, threshold of Hell, late eighteenth century British art. |
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Original Stipple Engraving by John Ogborne designed by Richard Westall.
First Edition Impression
Paradise Lost: Death Leaving the Gates of Hell for the World of Man (The Poetical Works of John Milton) |
View other original works of art by the British artist, John Ogborne.
View other original engravings published by John & Josiah Boydell for "The Poetical Works of John Milton".
The Poetical Works of John Milton | ||||||
Designed by Richard Westall | ||||||
# | Image | Title & Engraver | Engraver Info | Medium | Date | - |
01.- | Comus: Sabrina Releasing the Lady from her Spell by John Ogborne | John Ogborne (Chelmsford, 1755 - London, 1837) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1797 | Available | |
02.- | - | Comus: The Forest Scene by Benjamin Smith | Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1797 | -- |
03.- | - | Comus: The Temptation Scene by Benjamin Smith | Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833) & Benjamin Duterrau (1767 - 1851) |
Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1797 | -- |
04.- | - | Elegia Quinta by Thomas Kirk | Thomas Kirk (London, Died, 1797) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1797 | -- |
05.- | Hymn to the Nativity by Jean Pierre Simon | Jean Pierre Simon, 'John Peter Simon' (London, 1750 - Paris, c. 1810) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1797 | Available | |
06.- | - | Il Penseroso by John Ogborne | John Ogborne (Chelmsford, 1755 - London, 1837) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1797 | -- |
07.- | On the Death of a Fair Infant by Benjamin Smith | Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1794 | Available | |
08.- | - | L'Allegro by Thomas Kirk | Thomas Kirk (London, Died, 1797) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1797 | -- |
09.- | Lycidas (A poem by John Milton), by Benjamin Smith | Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1797 | Available | |
10.- | - | Milton and his two Daughters by Benjamin Smith | Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1797 | -- |
11.- | Paradise Lost: Adam and Eve Banished from Paradise by Benjamin Smith | Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1795 | Available | |
12.- | Paradise Lost: Adam Awakening Eve by Richard Earlom | Richard Earlom (London, 1743 - 1822) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1794 | Sold | |
13.- | Paradise Lost: Death Leaving the Gates of Hell for the World of Man by John Ogborne | John Ogborne (Chelmsford, 1755 - London, 1837) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1795 | Available | |
14.- | Paradise Lost: Eve in the Garden of Eden by Richard Earlom | Richard Earlom (London, 1743 - 1822) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1795 | Sold | |
15.- | Paradise Lost: Messiah Routs Satan and his Angels by Luigi Schiavonetti | Luigi Schiavonetti (Bassano, Italy, 1765 - London, 1810) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1794 | Sold | |
16.- | Paradise Lost: Satan Alarmed by Jean Pierre Simon | Jean Pierre Simon, 'John Peter Simon' (London, 1750 - Paris, c. 1810) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1794 | Available | |
17.- | - | Paradise Lost: Satan at the Gates of Hell by Jean Pierre Simon | Jean Pierre Simon, 'John Peter Simon' (London, 1750 - Paris, c. 1810) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1794 | -- |
18.- | - | Paradise Lost: Satan Awakening His Legions by Jean Pierre Simon | Jean Pierre Simon, 'John Peter Simon' (London, 1750 - Paris, c. 1810) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1794 | -- |
19.- | Paradise Lost: The Angel Raphael Relates The Story of Creation to Adam and Eve by Thomas Kirk | Thomas Kirk (London, Died, 1797) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1795 | Sold | |
20.- | Paradise Lost: The Temptation of Eve by Thomas Kirk | Thomas Kirk (London, Died, 1797) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1795 | Sold | |
21.- | Paradise Regained: Christ and Satan Dispute the Value of Earthly Glory. by William Satchwell Leney | William Satchwell Leney (London, 1769 - Longue Pointe (Montreal), Canada, 1831) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1795 | Available | |
22.- | Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness by Moses Haughton Junior | Moses Haughton, Junior (Wednesbury, Staffordshire, c. 1772 - London, 1848) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1795 | Available | |
23.- | Paradise Regained: The Fall of Satan by Benjamin Smith | Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833) | Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression | 1795 | Available |
Portraits of John Milton (England, 1608 - 1674) | |||||||
# | Image | Title & Artist | Artist Info | Medium | Publisher | Date | - |
01.- | John Milton, Age 21 by William Nelson Gardiner | William Nelson Gardiner (Dublin, 1766 - London, 1814) | Original Stipple Engraving and Etching | John and Josiah Boydell & George Nicol, London | 1794 | Sold | |
02.- | John Milton, Age 62 by William Nelson Gardiner | William Nelson Gardiner (Dublin, 1766 - London, 1814) | Original Stipple Engraving and Etching | John and Josiah Boydell & George Nicol, London | 1794 | ||
03.- | Portrait of John Milton as a Child by Giovanni Battista Cipriani | Giovanni Battista Cipriani (Florence, Italy, 1727 - London (Hammersmith), 1785) | Original Etching | Thomas Hollis (J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol Edition, 1794) | 1760 | ||
04.- | Portrait of John Milton as a Young Man by Giovanni Battista Cipriani | Giovanni Battista Cipriani (Florence, Italy, 1727 - London (Hammersmith), 1785) | Original Etching | Thomas Hollis (J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol Edition, 1794) | 1760 | ||
05.- | Portrait of John Milton in Old Age by Giovanni Battista Cipriani | Giovanni Battista Cipriani (Florence, Italy, 1727 - London (Hammersmith), 1785) | Original Etching | Thomas Hollis (J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol Edition, 1794) | 1760 | ||
06.- | Portion of a Shield (John Milton dictating his epic poem, "Paradise Lost", to his daughter.) by John Alfred Vinter | John Alfred Vinter (London, 1828 - 1905) | Original Lithograph | Day & Son, London | 1852 |
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