| Title: |
The Exposition of Cyrus |
| Engraver: |
Earlom, Richard (London, 1743 - 1822) |
| Designer: |
Castiglione 'Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione' (1609 - 1664) |
| Date: |
1781 |
| Medium: |
Original Mezzotint Engraving |
| Publisher: |
John Boydell, London |
| Source: |
The Houghton Gallery |
| Note: |
Richard Earlom: One of the greatest eighteenth century
mezzotint and stipple engravers, Richard Earlom was apprenticed to the
London based engraver, Cipriani, in his youth. He began work for John
Boydell in 1774, taking five years to create the two hundred plates which
comprise the Liber Veritas set. These engravings showed the world
the remarkable effects a combination of mezzotint and etching could produce
on landscape art and gained for both Earlom and Boydell a long lasting
fame. In fact, in the following century, these Earlom mezzotints directly
influenced the landscape art of Turner. |
| |
During the following decades Earlom engraved outstanding
works both after the designs of his contemporaries and after the old masters.
Boydell continued to commission his talents for some of the most famous
plates in both The Houghton Gallery and the Shakespeare Gallery.
As one can easily see in this original engraving, entitled, The Exposition
of Cyrus, he was without equal in capturing the rich tonal qualities
of the demanding mezzotint medium. Today, Earlom is most appreciated for
his technical virtuosity and mastery. |
| |
John Boydell was clearly one of England's most remarkable
18th century people. Born to a poor family, he began his career as an
at best mediocre engraver of book plates. At this time England was at
a very low ebb as a serious centre for the creative arts (particularly
engraving) and Boydell sought to eradicate this problem by beginning a
second career as a print publisher. Modest experiments in the 1760's led
to a rapid expansion and the mid 1770's saw the publication of his Liber
Veritas, with mezzotint engravings by Richard Earlom after the drawings
of Claude in the King's Collection. This expensive undertaking put England
back on the printmaking map and was a huge financial success for Boydell. |
| |
Some of the finest mezzotint engravings in the history of
British art belong to Boydell's series known today as The Houghton
Gallery. Beginning in 1781, Boydell commissioned England's best mezzotint
artists to engrave the paintings by Italian Renaissance masters in the
collection of the Empress of Russia at Houghton. In total, one hundred
and twenty-eight plates were created by the time the set was completed
in 1788. This original mezzotint engraving is one of them. Once again,
these engravings were widely acclaimed and John Boydell now found himself
as the head of England's most influential publishing house. This is evidenced
by the fact that midway through The Houghton Gallery, Boydell's nephew,
Josiah, had joined the venture. Richard Earlom's original mezzotint engraving,
The Exposition of Cyrus based upon a design created by Giovanni Benedetto
Castiglione is a fine, original example from this set. |
| |
John Boydell had now established England as a major capital
for the arts and this once poor and struggling artist was now acknowledged
for his efforts by being elected no less than Lord Mayor of London in
1791. The same year marked the ill fated beginning of Boydell's most ambitious
and final undertaking. His new publishing house, "Shakspeare Gallery",
commissioned the most famous painters and engravers in Britain to create
and design large stipple engravings based on the plays of William Shakespeare.
This monumental experiment continued until Boydell's death thirteen years
later. By that time the "Shakspeare Gallery" had published 170 large
engravings. Alas, the expenses for this vast undertaking had been so large
that England's foremost publisher of art ended his life the way it began
and died a pauper. |
| |
The Exposition of Cyrus: This Earlom engraving depicts the herdsman discovering young Cyrus. The omens foretelling his greatness, such as
the chariot and the crown, accompany him. Cyrus is the most famous ancient King of Persia.
According to this legend, his grandfather, alarmed by a prophecy that his grandson would
dethrone him, gave orders to cast the baby into the wilderness. The young child was rescued
from sure death by a kindly herdsman and his wife. As an adult, Cyrus overthrew his grandfather in
559 B.C. Now King of all Persia, he went on to also conquer Lydia, Croesus and Babylon. |
| Size: |
11 1/4 X 14 1/2 (Sizes in inches are approximate,
height preceding width of plate-mark or image.) |
| |
Framed and Matted with 100% Archival Materials |
| |
View larger Framed Image |
| |
 |
| Condition: |
Printed upon eighteenth century laid paper and with full
margins as published by John Boydell in London in 1781. Very slight foxing
exists in the outer margins but the actual engraving is in near excellent condition throughout. One should here take note that this is a very early
impression of The Exposition of Cyrus. Eighteenth century mezzotint
engravings yielded at most one hundred satisfactory impressions. Only
the first handful of impressions would exhibit such strong and velvety
tonal values as one sees here. The Exposition of Cyrus, therefore
is a most scarce and valuable example of the art of Richard Earlom and
of the eighteenth century mezzotint engraving. |
| Price: |
Sold - The price is no longer available. |
| Important Information: |
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