Francesco Bartolozzi & Leonardo da Vinci

A more complete listing of Leonardo da Vinci's notations written on his drawing are translated below.

1. Make all the movements of the bones with their joints after the design of the three first figures of the bones; and this ought to be done in the first book.
2. The inside view of the shoulder blade, which covers the back part of the ribs. First make the bones of the ribs.
3. m. n. is another muscle which interposes itself between the cartilage which covers and connects the ribs to the muscle n. which is in the padella of the shoulder, where is the muscle n.
4. Draw the ribs from which the shoulder blade n. detaches itself.
5. The muscles n. m. are likewise the cause of the voluble motion of the helping muscle, - show here which muscles are the cause of the respiration which is made by the muscles and nerves, which are fastened to the outside of the ribs.
6. The true knowledge of all the figures is acquired by knowing their breadth, length, and depth. If therefore I note the same in the human figure, I shall give a true knowledge of it to any person of sound understanding. Comment upon these words because they are confused.
7. Make two larger, with the same thickness of ribs and muscles, and it will be more intelligible.
8. This design would likewise be confused, if you did not make at least three demonstrations before this, which is composed of similar filaments; the first of which should be of the bones only, the second of the muscles which spring from the pap upon the ribs; the third of the muscles which arise from the thorax, together with the ribs; and lastly those as above.
9. Make the ribs so thin that in the last demonstration made with the ligaments, the place of the spatula may be seen.
10. Before you form the muscles, put in the place of those filaments which are to be demonstrated, the filaments of those very muscles which with their extremities end in the centre of the attachment of the muscles upon their bones; and this will give the most ready intelligence when you would figure all the muscles, one upon the other: and if you do otherwise, your designs will be confused.

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